Dr . Anees is a Consultant to the Templeton Foundation . A biologist by training ( Doctorate: Indiana University , Bloomington , Indiana , USA ) , his regular contributions in the monthly Inquiry: A Magazine of Events and Ideas ( London , 1984-1988 ) , have played a pioneering role in creating an awareness about the social impact of reproductive technologies . One of his books , Islam and Biological Futures: Ethics , Gender , and Technology ( London: Mansell , 1989; translations in Turkish , Bosnian , and Bahasa Indonesia ) has brought the problems of surrogate motherhood , abortion , and genetic engineering to the forefront of contemporary discourse across the Muslim world .

In a recent write up in Science and Spirit , he said: "I grew up during the Cold War era . While contending ideologies took their toll in the outside world , a cold war raged inside me . Like any inquisitive young mind , I struggled with the tribulation of skepticism . The research on the chemical and environmental conditions enabling the origin of life conducted by biochemists A . 1 . Oparin and Stanley Miller fueled my internal fire . Oparin was Russian and Miller American , but they stood united in their cold war against spirituality . In retrospect , my now three-decade-old essay "Cell Reveals God , " published in Muhammad Rafiuddin's journal Islamic Education , marks the beginning of my journey toward a synthesis . But 1971's Chance and Necessity , by the Nobel Prize-winning biochemist Jacques Monod , came to haunt me , as it belittled some of the archaic arguments I had made for design and order . For a while , the high priest of science seemed to reign supreme in my internal war . Meanwhile , in my native and supposedly Islamic state of Pakistan , the educational system kept me unaware of the intellectual currents that swept through the nascent Muslim society .

" Another turning point was reached when , for a graduate seminar at Indiana University , I explored the history of the Muslim contribution to science . Sifting through ancient tomes awakened me to the evolutionary path of scientific thinking across cultures and histories . I learned that Muslim civilization served as a vantage point for the accumulated wisdom from several other cultures: Egyptians , Greeks , Persians , Indians , and Romans . The massive Latin translation of Arabic works acted as an engine for the Western Renaissance . This is in dire contrast with the contemporary Muslim world , which appears to have imbibed the ways of the European Dark Ages . No student of history will fail to observe that the Muslim scholastic pursuits were holistic . In essence , they manifested the core concept of Islam , Tawhid-unity of God and knowledge . Thus , scholars and sages like lbn Hazm , lbn Rushd , lbn Sina , al-Khawarizmi , al-Jahiz , lbn al-Haytham , and others in the Muslim lands stretching from Morocco in the Atlantic to the Pacific Rim of Indonesiawere polymaths . The explication of the organic unity of all knowledge drove them to compile copious commentaries of the Qur'an while they engaged themselves in scientific observation and experimentation . The history of the successful practice of polymathy inspired me to emulate it in my own humble way . Despite the enormous differences in ancient and modern information , the primal multidisciplinary nature of knowledge came to the forefront . At the same time , the growing revolt within science , heretofore heroic and unchallenged , provided much comfort . Suddenly , spiritual certainties appeared so refreshing and integral . The Quranic narrative on knowledge is one of humility , for illumination arises from the Creator and wisdom brings us closer to Him . Thus , polymathy blended with humility serves as the guiding light for the unending quest for human understanding of this world and beyond . "

About his most recent employer , Sir John Templeton , he said , "On humility , no one has shown more courage and eloquence than Sir John Templeton . His thoughts have inspired me to adopt the concept of humility as an epistemological tool . Gracefully , humility opens doors to infinity in knowing , for it rejects the tyranny of knowledge . Outside , the Cold War has ended . Inside , a strange elation now stokes the curious mind . The Qur'an has required of the Prophet to pray to God for an increase in his knowledge . Thus are laid the terms of the detente: polymathy , humility , prayer . "

He has served as a Consultant to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization ( UNIDO , Vienna ) for the 16th International Congress of Genetics ( Toronto , 1988 ) . In February 1993 , he was instrumental in organizing , at the University of Qatar ( Doha , Qatar ) , the first international ISESCO symposium on ethics and genetics . Islamic Educational , Scientific , and Cultural Organization , ISESCO , ( Rabat , Morocco ) has commissioned to him an in-depth study of bioethical problems in the Muslim communities . In December 1993 , he was an invited speaker at the Eighth International Bioethics Symposium ( Tokyo ) . He has served as a Member of the International Steering Committee for the UNFPA-sponsored conference "Reproductive Health in the Muslim World , " held at al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt , in February 1998 .

He is the author of half a dozen books and over 250 articles , book reviews , and bibliographies , published in international scholarly journals . Dr . Anees has contributed to the Encyclopaedia of the Modern Islamic World ( New York: Oxford University Press , 1995 ) and Encyclopaedia of the History of Science , Technology , and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures ( Dordrecht: Kluwer , 1997 ) . Moreover , philosophy of Islamic science , and the application of automated systems to the study of Sira and Hadith are among his perennial interests . One of his books , Guide to Sira and Hadith Literature in Western Languages ( London: Mansell ) , is considered a "classic" in this field . He has been recently appointed as an Advisor to the Regional Information Technology and Software Engineering Center ( RITSEC ) , Cairo , Egypt , for conceptualization and implementation of CultureWare programs .

He is a founding editor of the International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies ( Bloomington ) , an advisory editor of the Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) and , section editor , Islamic and Arabic Studies , for Ultimate Reality and Meaning ( University of Toronto Press , 1992-1994 ) . He founded the world's premiere journal of current awareness on Islam and the Muslim world: Periodica Islamica ( Kuala Lumpur , 1991 ) . Supported by a worldwide team of distinguished writers and scholars , Periodica Islamica has come to be recognized as "an invaluable guide" for all multidisciplinary discourses on the world of Islam . Since February 1998 , he is serving as a Contributing Correspondent for the Global Viewpoint/Los Angeles Times Syndicate .

Dr . Anees is an elected Member of the Royal Academy for Islamic Civilization Research , Amman , Jordan , and UNESCO's select group of 40 international scholars: Intellectuals of the World . He is listed in several biographical sources: Contemporary Authors , Who is Who in the World , and Writers' Directory .

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Works by Dr . Anees ( up to March 1999 )

Journals

Contributing Correspondent , 1998+; Los Angeles Times/Global Viewpoint , syndicated service to over 70 newspaper world-wide .

Member , Editorial Advisory Board , 1998+; Islamic Studies; quarterly; Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute .

Associate Editor , 1995+; Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics; bimonthly; Ibaraki , Japan: Eubios Institute .

Section Editor ( Islamic and Arabic Studies ) , 1992-1994; Ultimate Reality and Meaning; quarterly; Toronto , Canada: University of Toronto Press .

Founding Editor-in-Chief , 1991+; Periodica Islamica: An International Contents Journal; quarterly; Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia: Berita Publishing .

Reviews:

`Alam al-Kutub ( Riyadh ) 13( 3 ):311-313 , 1992 by Ahmad bin `Ali Tamraz Glasnik ( Sarajevo ) 54( 6 ):815-816 , 1991 by Fikret Karcic

Information Development ( London ) 7( 4 ):241-242 , 1991

IRCICA Newsletter ( Istanbul ) No . 27 , p . 17 , 1991

Library Journal ( New York ) 118( 21 ):184 , December 1993 , by Bill Katz

Middle East Studies Association Bulletin ( Tucson , Arizona ) 25:261 , 1991 by Jere L . Bacharach [see also , ibid . 26:311-312 , 1992]

MultiCultural Review ( Westport , CT ) 2( 1 ):40 , 1993 by Richard R . Centing

Q News ( London ) 1( 20 ):8 , 1992 by Rosemary Ridd Zaman ( Istanbul ) , February 26 , 1993 , p . 3 , by Taha Kivanc Sasaran ( Shah Alam ) , No . 27 , December 1994 , pp . 77-78 , by Ahmad Murad Merican

Advisory Editor , 1987+; Journal of Islamic Science; bi-annual; Aligarh , India: The Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science .

Contributing Editor , 1985-1988; Inquiry ( Afkar ); monthly; London , England: Tropvale Limited .

Founding Editor , 1984+; International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies; bi-annual; Bloomington , Indiana , USA: International Institute of Islamic and Arabic Studies .

Associate Editor , 1982+; Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies; bi-annual; Brattleboro , Vermont , USA: Center for Arab and Islamic Studies .

Books

Christian-Muslim Relations: Yesterday , Today , Tomorrow , London: Grey Seal Books , 1991 , 96pp . ISBN 1-85640-021-2 .

Reviews:

Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 13( 2 ):42-46 , 1993 by A . R . Momin

Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations ( Birmingham ) 4( 2 ):304-305 , 1993 by D . Marshall .

Computers Don't Byte , Kuala Lumpur: Quill Publishers , 1989 , 112pp . ISBN 983-96300-0-8 .

Review:

The Star [In Tech] ( Kuala Lumpur ) , March 27 , 1990 , p . 9 by Ramesh Gopal .

The Kiss of Judas: Affairs of a Brown Sahib , Kuala Lumpur: Quill Publishers , 1989 , vii +165pp . ISBN 983-99555-7-8 .

Reviews:

The Malay Mail ( Kuala Lumpur ) , July 27 , 1989 , p . 10 by Theresa Manavalan

Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 10( 3 ):3-17 , 1990 .

Islam and Biological Futures: Ethics , Gender , and Technology , London and New York: Mansell Publishing Limited , 1989 , x+296pp . ISBN 07201-1874-3 .

Review

Theological Book Review 2( 2 ):297 . 5 , 1990 by J rgen Nielsen .

Translation:

Islam dan Masa Depan: Biologis Umat Manusia , Bandung ( Indonesia ): Penerbit Mizan , 1991 , 268pp . Translated into Bahasa Indonesia by Rahmani Astuti; Turkish translation published in 1992 by Insan Yayinlari , Istanbul , Turkey .

Guide to Sira and Hadith Literature in Western Languages , London: Mansell Publishing Limited; New York: H . W . Wilson Company , 1986 , xxxii + 371pp . ISBN 0-7201- 1736-4 .

Reviews:

Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 7( 1 ):50-51 , 1986 by A . R . Kidwai

British Society for Middle Eastern Studies Bulletin ( Exeter ) 13( 2 ):225-227 , 1987 by G . H . A . Juynboll

Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):66-67 , 1987 by S . P . Manzoor

Die Welt des Islams ( Leiden ) 29:143-144 , 1989 by M . Muranyi .

Health Sciences in Early Islam: Collected Papers of Sami K . Hamarneh , San Antonio: Noor Health Foundation , 1984 , two volumes , 358 + 407pp . ISBN 0-88059-052-1 ( two- volume set ) .

Reviews:

Inquiry ( London ) 3( 10 ):66-67 , 1986 by Akbar Mohammedali

Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 9( 2 ):34-37 , 1989 by M . M . Ahsan .

Hadith and Sira Literature in Western Languages: A Bibliographic Study , Bloomington ( Indiana ): 1980 , xxxi + 462pp . ISBN 0-9602920-1-2 .

Reviews:

Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 1( 4 ):6-8 , 1981 by Z . Sardar

Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies ( Brattleboro , Vermont ) 2( 3-4 ):650-651 , 1981 by Salman Hassan al-`Ani .

Book Chapters

Science: Searching for the Soul? In: Science , Technology and Social Change , Ed . by Diederik Aerts , Serge Gutwirth , Luk Van Langenhove and Sonja Smets . Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers , 1998 , pp . 1-7 .

Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik Ibn Zuhr ( Latin: Avenzoar; 484-557/1092-1162 ) . In: The Encyclopaedia of Non-Western Science . Ed . by Helaine Selin , Hampshire College , Amherst , Massachusetts . Forthcoming .

Islamic Periodical Literature . In: The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World , Ed . by John L . Esposito . New York: Oxford University Press , 1995 , Volume 3 , pp . 308-311 .

Illuminating `Ilm . In: How We Know--`Ilm and the Revival of Knowledge , London: Grey Seal Books , 1991 , pp . 10-23 .

Jihad . In: Faces of Islam: Conversations on Contemporary Issues , Kuala Lumpur: Berita Publishing , 1989 , pp . 98-106 .

Epistemology in the Robotic Culture--The Muslim Predicament . In: An Early Crescent: The Future of Knowledge and Environment in Islam , London: Mansell Publishing Limited , 1989 , pp . 92-124 .

Science and Control: Sex , Race and the New Biology . In: The Revenge of Athena: Science , Exploitation , and the Third World , London: Mansell Publishing Limited , 1988 , pp . 81-96 .

Islamic Science: Current Thinking and Future Development . In: The Revenge of Athena: Science , Exploitation , and the Third World , London: Mansell Publishing Limited , 1988 , pp . 249-260 .

Automated Information for Islamic Studies . In: Building Information Systems in the Islamic World , London: Mansell Publishing Limited , 1988 , pp . 87-100 .

Introduction . In: The Plan--To Restore the Constitution , by Paul Fisher . Boulder City ( Nevada ): Paul Fisher Campaign for Scientific Government , 1988 , pp . xvii- xxii .

Islamic Values and Western Science: A Case Study of Reproductive Biology . In: The Touch of Midas: Science , Values , and Environment in Islam and the West , Manchester: Manchester University Press , 1984 , pp . 91-120 .

Book Reviews

The Nation's Voice: Towards Consolidation: Speeches and Statements March 1935-March 1940: Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah . Ed . by Waheed Ahmad . Karachi: Quaid-i-Azam Academy , 1992 , xiv+941pp . Contemporary South Asia ( Oxfordshire ) 7( 1 ):91-92 , 1998 .

Mawdudi and the Making of Islamic Revivalism . By Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr . New York: Oxford University Press , 1996 , viii+222pp . Contemporary South Asia ( Oxfordshire ) 6( 3 ):292-293 , 1997 .

Family Planning in the Legacy of Islam . By Abdel Rahim Omran . London: Routledge , 1992 , xxi+284pp . Contemporary South Asia ( Oxfordshire ) 5( 3 ):354-356 , 1996 . [Reprinted in: The Friday Times ( Lahore ) 9( 1 ): 13 , 1997] .

The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam , China , and the West . By Toby E . Huff . New York: Cambridge University Press , 1995 , xiv+409pp . The Middle East Journal ( Washington , DC ) 50( 3 ):448-449 , 1996 . ( See also: The Middle East Journal ( Washington , DC ) 51( 2 ):332-333 , 1997 for rebuttal and counter-rebuttal ) .

The Muslim Poetic Imagination: Poems by Shabbir Akhtar . By Shabbir Akhtar . Buckhurst Hills , Essex , England: Scorpion Publishing , 1992 , 87pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 14( 4 ): 38-39 , 1994 .

Research in Islamic Civilization: Outlook for the Coming Decade . Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu , Ahmed Lajimi , and Zeynep Durukal ( eds . ) . Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History , Art , and Culture ( IRCICA ) , 1992 , 112+183pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 14( 3 ): 41-42 , 1994 .

Transfer of Modern Science and Technology to the Muslim World . Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu ( ed . ) . Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History , Art , and Culture ( IRCICA ) , 1992 , 442pp . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 9( 1-2 )93-94 , 1993 . [Reprinted in: Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 14( 2 ):45-46 , 1994] .

Science and Muslim Societies . By Nasim Butt . London: Grey Seal Books , 1991 , 136pp . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 8( 1 ):109-111 , 1992 .

Fertility Policies of Asian Countries . K . Mahadevan ( ed . ) . London: Sage Publications , 1989 , 320pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 12( 2 ):60-62 , 1992 .

Modern Science in Crisis: A Third World Response . S . M . Mohammad Idris ( ed . ) . Penang: Third World Network and Consumers' Association of Penang , 1988 , 81pp . ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development ( Bangkok ) 6( 1 ):97-99 , 1989 . [Reprinted in: Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 5( 2 ):111-114 , 1989] .

Planning Curricula for Natural Sciences: The Islamic Perspective . By Muhammad Abdus Sami and Muslim Sajjad . Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies , 1983 , 83pp . Idesi ( ITM , Shah Alam , Malaysia ) 4:14-15 , 1989 . [Reprinted in: Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 5( 2 ):114-118 , 1989] .

Health and Medicine in the Islamic Tradition: Change and Identity . By Fazlur Rahman . New York: Crossroad , 1987 , xiii + 149pp . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 4( 2 ):100-104 , 1988 . [Reprinted in: Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 9( 2 ):31-34 , 1989] .

Motherhood in Islam . By Aliah Schleifer . Cambridge: The Islamic Academy , 1986 , 105pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 8( 3 ):50-52 , 1988 .

Scientific Trends in the Qur'an . By Ahmad Mahmud Soliman . London: Ta-Ha Publishers , 1985 , v + 96pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 8( 3 ):14-16 , 1988 . [Reprinted in: Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 4( 1 ):92-94 , 1988] .

Islam and Evolution of Science . By Muhammad Saud . Islamabad: International Islamic University , Institute of Islamic Research , 1986 , viii + 154pp . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 3( 2 ):90-92 , 1987 .

Aciklamali Turk Kimya Eserleri Bibliografyasi ( Basmalar 1830-1923 ve Modern Kimya Biliminin Turkiye Cumhuriyetinin Kurulusuna Kadar Olan Durumu ve Gelismesi ) . Compiled by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu . Istanbul: Basim , Yayim Dagtim A . S . , 1985 , ix + 148pp . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):70 , 1987 .

Catalogue of Manuscripts in Maulana Azad Library , Aligarh Muslim University , ( Habib Jang Collection ) . Compiled by M . H . Rizvi and M . H . Qaisar Amrohvi . Aligarh: Aligarh Muslim University Press , Volume I ( Poetry ) , 1981 , xii + 325pp . , Volume II , Islamic Sciences , History , Biography etc . , 1985 , vii + 386pp . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):70-71 , 1987 .

Science and Technology in Medieval India: A Bibliography of Source Materials . Compiled by A . Rahman with the assistance of M . A . Alvi , S . A . Khan Ghori and K . V . Samba Murthy New Delhi: Indian National Science Academy , 1982 , xxxi + 719pp . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):71 , 1987 .

Redefining Death . By Karen Grandstrand Gervais . New Haven , Connecticut:Yale University Press , 1986 , xiv + 231pp . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 3 ):69 , 1987 .

Guide to Reference Books for Islamic Studies . By Charles L . Geddes . Denver , Colorado: American Institute of Islamic Studies , 1985 , xiii + 429pp . International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies ( Bloomington , IN ) 3( 1 ):109-111 , 1986 .

World Bibliography of Translations of the Meanings of the Holy Qur'an: Printed Translations 1515-1980 . Prepared by Ismet Binark and Halit Eren . Edited with Introduction by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu . Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History , Art , and Culture ( IRCICA ) , 1986 , xcix + 880 + 34pp . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 5 ):68-69 , 1986 .

Bibliographies: Their Aims and Methods . By W . D . Krummel . London: Mansell Publishing Limited , 1984 , 192pp . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 3 ):68-69 , 1986 .

Medieval Islamic Medicine: Ibn Ridwan's Treatise "On the Prevention of Bodily Ills in Egypt . " Translated with Introduction by Michael W . Dols . Arabic Text Edited by Adil S . Gamal . Berkeley: University of California Press , 1984 , 264pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 6( 2 ):48-50 , 1986 .

The Biology of Religion . By Vernon Reynolds and Ralph E . S . Tanner . London: Longman , 1983 , xii + 332pp . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 11 ):68-69 , 1985 .

Sacrifice: The Making of a Muslim . By Khurram Murad . Leicester: The Islamic Foundation , 1985 , 40pp . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 10 ):68 , 1985 .

The Islamic Movement: Dynamics of Value , Power , and Change . By Abul A`la Mawdudi . Edited by Khurram Murad . Leicester: The Islamic Foundation , 1984 , 141pp . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 10 ):68 , 1985 .

Catalogue of Islamic Medical Manuscripts in the Libraries of Turkey . Edited by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu . Compiled by Ramazan Sesen , Cemil Akpinar and Cevad Izgi . Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History , Art , and Culture ( IRCICA ) , 1984 , 564pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 6( 1 ):49-50 , 1985 .

Green Politics: The Global Promise . By Fritjof Capra and Charlene Spretnak , in collaboration with Rudiger Lutz . New York: E . P . Dutton , 1984 , 244pp . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 2 ):68-69 , 1985 .

Guide to Islam . By David Ede , Leonard Librande , Donald P . Little , Andrew Rippin , Richard Timms , and Jan Weryho . Boston: G . K . Hall and Company 1983 , xxiv + 261pp . International Journal of Islamic and Arabic Studies ( Bloomington , IN ) 1( 1 ):133-134 , 1984 .

Medical Philosophy in Islam and the Contributions of Muslims to the Advancement of Medical Sciences . By Syed Habibul Haq Nadvi . Durban: Academia Centre for Islamic , Near and Middle Eastern Studies , 1983 , 45pp . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 5( 1 ):18-19 , 1984 .

A Modern Guide to Astronomical Calculations of Islamic Calendar , Times and Qibla . By Mohammad Ilyas . Kuala Lumpur: Berita Publishing , 1984 , 256pp . Inquiry ( London ) 1( 7 ):68-69 , 1984 .

Software Reviews

Webster's New World Professional Spelling Checker , Version 1 . 0 . Copyright 1988 by Simon and Schuster Inc . , New York , New York . Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 17-18 , September 1988 .

Art of Negotiating , Version 2 . 0 . Copyright 1988 by Experience in Software Inc . , Berkeley , California . Inquiry ( London ) 5( 5 ):59 , 1988 .

Word-Link , Version 1 . 0 . Copyright 1987 by M/H Group , Chicago , Illinois . Inquiry ( London ) 5( 4 ):72 , 1988 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , p . 8 , March 1988] .

Headliner , Namer , and Off the Wall . Copyright 1987 by the Salinon Corporation , Dallas , Texas . Inquiry ( London ) 5( 3 ):72 , 1988 .

RunningWare with Alberto Salazar , Version 1 . 1 . Copyright 1986 by Sportsware Inc . , West Linn , Oregon . Inquiry ( London ) 5( 2 ):72 , 1988 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , p . 5 , February 1988] .

The Idea Generator . Copyright 1985 by Experience in Software Inc . , Berkeley , California . Inquiry ( London ) 5( 1 ):72 , 1988 .

Pro-Search , Version 1 . 5 . Copyright 1986 by Personal Bibliographic Software , Ann Arbor , Michigan . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 10 ):72 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 8-9 , November 1987] .

PreCursor , Version 3 . 0 . Copyright 1986 by The Aldridge Company , Houston , Texas . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 9 ):72 , 1987 .

DJ , Version 2 . 0 . Copyright 1986 by DJ Systems , Seattle , Washington . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 7 ):72 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 11-12 , December 1987] .

FormWorx , Version 1 . 05 . Copyright 1986 by Analytx International , Arlington , Massachusetts . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 6 ):72 , 1987 .

Word , Version 3 . 1 . Copyright 1986 by Microsoft Corporation , Redmond , Washington . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):72-73 , 1987 .

Org Plus , Version 2 . Copyright 1986 by Banner Blue Software , Fremont , California . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 4 ):74 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 21-22 , November 1987] .

Terrific! Organization Chart Maker , Version 2 . 21 . Copyright 1986 by KD Systems , Northbrook , Illinois . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 4 ):74 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 21-22 , November 1987] .

Jump Start , Version 1 . 1 . Copyright 1986 by Ascent Incorporated , Sunnyvale , California . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 3 ):74 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 22-23 , November 1987] .

Webster's New World On-Line Thesaurus , Version 1 . 02 . Copyright 1986 by Simon and Schuster Inc . , New York , New York . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 2 ):74 , 1987 .

Pro-Cite , Version 1 . 2 . Copyright 1986 by Personal Bibliographic Software , Ann Arbor , Michigan . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 1 ):74 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 10-11 , December 1987] .

Arabic Word Processing - Writing the Right Way . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 9 ):53-57 , 1986 . [Reprinted in: Indiana University MicroNews ( Bloomington , IN ) , pp . 6-9 , December 1987; Pakistan Library Bulletin ( Karachi ) 19( 1 ):1-9 , 1988] .

Bibliographical Essays

Biomedical Ethics: A Select Bibliography . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 9( 3 ):62-70 , 1989 .

Study of Muslim Woman and Family: A Bibliography . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 8( 2 ):59-67 , 1988 . [Reprinted in: Journal of Comparative Family Studies ( Calgary ) 20( 2 ):263-274 , 1989] .

Islamic Science: A Bibliography of Contemporary Literature . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 3( 2 ):109-121 , 1987 .

Islamic Studies: Publish and Perish? Book and Periodical Citations on Tafasir al-Qur'an in Western Languages . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 5( 2 ):55-68 , 1985 .

A Select Bibliography on Islamic Medicine . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 5( 1 ):59-68 , 1984 .

History of Islamic Medicine and Pharmacy: Contribution of Sami Hamarneh . Hamdard Medicus ( Karachi ) 26( 2 ):67-75 , 1983 .

Islamic Resurgence: Current Literature . Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies ( Brattleboro , VT ) 3( 1 ):87-104 , 1982 .

Contemporary Islamic Resurgence: A Select Bibliography ( 1979-1982 ) . Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 2( 4 ):55-67 , 1982 .

Studies on Islamic Education: An Interpretive Essay . Islamic Quarterly ( London ) 20-22( 4 ):158-184 , 1978 .

Review Essays

Pesticides and Human Health . Journal of Pakistan Medical Association ( Karachi ) 22( 11 ):303-314 , 1972 .

Brain Science and Science Education . Journal of Education and Psychology 39( 1 ):28-34 , 1981 .

Miscellaneous Papers

Re-defining the Human: Triumphs and Tribulations of Homo xeroxiens . Al-Islam: The Voice of the Islamic Movement in Sri Lanka ( Colombo ) 25( April-May ):7-10 , 1998 .

Does Islam Have an Alternative to Globalization? New Perspectives Quarterly ( Los Angeles ) 15( 2 ):44-45 , 1998 . [with Graham Fuller] .

Kloning Manusia itu Mubazir . Ummat: Majalah Dwimingguan ( Jakarta ) 2( 20 ): 36-37 , March 31 , 1997 .

Human Cloning: A Commentary on Masahiro Morioka . Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics ( Ibaraki ) 7( 3 ): 68 , 1997 .

Science: Searching for the Soul? World Futures Studies Federation Futures Bulletin ( Brisbane ) 21( 4 ): 12-13 , 1995 . [Reprinted in: Islamic Thought and Scientific Creativity ( Islamabad ) 6( 4 ):81-86 , 1995; Ummat: Majalah Dwimingguan ( Jakarta ) 2( 17 ):76 , February 17 , 1997] .

Human Cloning: An Atlantean Odyssey? Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics ( Ibaraki , Japan ) 5( 1 ): 36-37 , 1995 . [Reprinted in: Minaret: America's Source on Islam ( Los Angeles ) 17( 2 ):18-20 , 1995] .

A Challenge of the West: The Muslim Perspective of Population Policy . epd-Entwicklungspolitik ( Frankfurt ) No . 16 , pp . 50-52 , July 1994 .

Islamic Periodical Literature . Muslim and Arab Perspectives ( New Delhi ) 1( 10-12 ): 515-524 , 1994 .

Muslim Media Comes of Age . Australasian Muslim Times ( Sydney ) No . 100 , p . 12 , April 29-May 12 , 1994 .

Over-Religious South vs . A-Religious North: The Great Divide? Q News ( London ) 3( 1 ): 6-7 , 1994 .

Human Clones and God's Trust: An Islamic View . New Perspectives Quarterly ( Los Angeles ) 11( 1 ):23-24 , 1994 .

Between Bigoted Biology and Apologetic Theology . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 9( 1-2 ):29-38 , 1993 .

The Silent Killer: AIDS and the Muslim World . The Muslim News: News and Views of Muslims in the United Kingdom ( London ) No . 58 , p . 5 , December 24 , 1993 . [Reprinted in: The Minaret ( Los Angeles ) 16( 1 ):33-35 , 1994; Insight ( Sydney ) 9( 1 ):11-14 , 1994; Naz ki Pukaar ( London ) No . 8 , pp . 16-18 , 1995] .

Living lslam Not Orientalism . Impact International ( London ) 23( 21-22 ):4 , 1993 .

Soul of the World Order: Islam and Scientific Fundamentalism . New Perspectives Quarterly ( Los Angeles ) 10( 3 ):61-63 , 1993 . [Reprinted in Al-Wardah ( Gatesville , South Africa ) 2( 1 ):14-15 , 1993; Technoscience: Newsletter of the Society for Social Studies of Science ( Blacksburg , Virginia ) 8( 1 ): 21-22 , 1995] .

Islamic Medical Ethics: The Challenge of Biotechnology . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 8( 2 ):77-85 , 1992 . [Reprinted in: Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 21( 5 ):41-45 , 1993] .

Communication . ( Review of Periodica Islamica ) Middle East Studies Association Bulletin ( Tucson , AZ ) 26( 2 ):311-312 , 1992 .

Evolutionary Epistemology Revisited . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 8( 1 ):101-107 , 1992 .

Genetics and the Unity of Biology . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 6( 1 ):105-122 , 1990 .

Communication . ( Review of The Kiss of Judas ) Muslim World Book Review ( Leicester ) 10( 4 ):71 , 1990 .

Genital Mutilations: Moral or Misogynous? Islamic Quarterly ( London ) 33( 2 ):101-117 , 1989 .

Circumcision: The Clitoral Inferno . Islamic Culture ( Hyderabad , India ) 63( 3 ):77-92 , 1989 .

Is Biology Inevitable? Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 5( 2 ):23-42 , 1989 .

Survival of the Sexiest ( II ) . Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 17( 3-4 ):49-55 , 1989 .

Survival of the Sexiest ( I ) . Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 17( 1-2 ):30-36 , 1989 .

International Network for the Promotion of Genetics ( INPROGEN ) . Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter ( Aligarh ) 2( 4 ):1 , 1989 .

Information Resources in Biotechnology . Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter ( Aligarh ) 2( 4 ):3-4 , 1989 .

Astrology: Fact or Fiction? Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter ( Aligarh ) 2( 3 ):1-2 , 1989 .

We Are More than a Bundle of Genes . New Straits Times ( Kuala Lumpur ) , May 25 , 1989 , p . 9 .

Battling Against Blasphemy . Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter ( Aligarh ) 2( 2 ):3 , 1989 .

Repression of Christians in Malaysia . Impact International ( London ) 19( 7 ):17 , 1989 .

The Satanic Verses and Freedom of Speech - Guest Editorial . Journal of Islamic Medical Association of North America ( Downers Grove , IL ) 21( 4 ):150-151 , 1989 .

The Satanic Verses and the Vicious West . New Sunday Times ( Kuala Lumpur ) , March 12 , 1989 , p . 10 , and New Straits Times ( Kuala Lumpur ) , March 13 , 1989 , p . 10 . [Reprinted in Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 16( 7-8 ):36-40 , 1989; Radiance Viewsweekly ( New Delhi ) 24( 39 ):22-23 , 7-13 May , 1989; Sasaran ( ITM , Shah Alam ) 12:12-15+31 , June 1989; al-Tawhid ( Tehran ) 6( 3 ):165-170 , 1989] .

Fetal Rights: The Technological Predicament . Breakthrough ( New York ) , 10( 2-3 ):54-56 , 1989 .

On Islam . Asiaweek 15( 8 ):5+11 , 1989 .

Epistemology in the Robotic Culture: The Muslim Predicament . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 5( 1 ):7-40 , 1989 .

Birth Control: The Islamic Juridical View . Islamic and Comparative Law Quarterly ( New Delhi ) 8( 3 ):233-243 , 1988 .

`Azl: Recreation or Procreation? Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al- Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 16( 3-4 ):21-26 , 1988 .

Planning an Information Strategy for the Muslim World . Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter ( Aligarh ) 1( 5 ):4 , 1988 . [Reprinted in: Pakistan Library Bulletin ( Karachi ) 19( 4 ):vi , 1989] .

Breast-feeding: The Natural Contraceptive? A Critique of Western and Islamic Perspectives . Islam and the Modern Age ( New Delhi ) 19( 4 ):251-261 , 1988 .

What Islamic Science is Not: A Rejoinder . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 4( 2 ):65-73 , 1988 .

The Christian-Jewish Unholy Alliance . Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 15( 9-10 ):17-22 , 1988 .

Genetics and the Unity of Biology . Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter ( Aligarh ) 1( 4 ):3 , 1988 .

Biotechnology Watchdogs: A Selected List . Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science Newsletter ( Aligarh ) 1( 3 ):2 , 1988 .

Menstruation and Menopause: Paranoia Revisited . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 4( 1 ):7-23 , 1988 .

Hippocratic Oath for Scientists , Engineers and Technologists . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 4( 1 ):122-123 , 1988 .

Menstruation: A Biological Lunacy? Hamdard Medicus ( Karachi ) 31( 1 ):51-67 , 1988 . [Reprinted in: Islamic Order ( Karachi ) 10( 1 ):80-92+104 , 1988] .

Hippocrates Strikes Back . Inquiry ( London ) 5( 2 ):64 , 1988 .

The Unholy Alliance? Inquiry ( London ) 5( 2 ):43-48 , 1988 .

Historical Light on the Present Situation of Christian-Muslim Relations . Parts I and II . Newsletter of the Office on Christian-Muslim Relations , National Council of the Churches of Christ ( Hartford , CT ) , Number 37 , pp . 1-6 , and Number 38 , pp . 1-7 , 1988 .

Media and the Muslim World . Muslim Journal ( Lahore ) , December , pp . 24-27+49-53 , 1987 .

Christian-Muslim Dialogue: Myth or Reality? Islam and the Modern Age ( New Delhi ) 18 ( 2-3 ):107-118 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Journal Rabitat al- `Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 15( 7-8 ):25-30 , 1988 .

Christian-Muslim Relations: Historical Perspectives . Journal Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 15( 3-4 ):17-21 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Islamic Culture ( Hyderabad , India ) 61( 4 ):1-15 , 1987; Islamic Herald ( Kuala Lumpur ) 12( 1 ):25-29+39 , 1988] .

Information Technology and Global Control System for Islamic Literature . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 3( 1 ):57-68 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Pakistan Library Bulletin ( Karachi ) 20( 2-3 ):21-36 , 1989] .

The Hazards of Modern Travel . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 8 ):46-47 , 1987 .

Rights Before Birth . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 7 ):40-44 , 1987 . [Reprinted in: Muslim Journal ( Lahore ) , March , pp . 45-52 , 1988] .

Facilitating Access to Islamic Material . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):24-31 , 1987 .

Consumer Addiction . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):50-51 , 1987 .

Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf , Lahore . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 5 ):57-58 , 1987 .

Building a Cultural Institution . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 4 ):58-59 , 1987 .

The Abrahamic Faith: Trilogy or Tragedy? Inquiry ( London ) 4( 4 ):60 , 1987 .

My Favourite City: City Blasters . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 3 ):54 , 1987 .

Her Story: Pathology of Imitation . Inquiry ( London ) 4( 1 ):46-50 , 1987 .

Role of Muslims in Contemporary Society . Link International ( London ) 1( 6 ):3 , 1986 .

Islamic Medicine: The Placebo Effect . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 10 ):34-39 , 1986 .

Human Reproduction: Laboratory Children . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 8 ):45-49 , 1986 . [Reprinted in: Al-Nahdah ( Kuala Lumpur ) 8( 2 ):18-24 , 1988] .

Islamic Science . Middle East ( London ) 12( 10 ) August:5 , 1986 .

Arab-Americans: Amongst the Diaspora . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 7 ):27-33 , 1986 .

What Islamic Science is Not . Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 2( 1 ):9-19 , 1986 . [See also: Jamal Mimouni , "A Reply to `What Islamic Science is Not` . " Journal of Islamic Science ( Aligarh ) 3( 1 ):85-89 , 1987] .

Revitalising `Ilm . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 5 ):40-44 , 1986 . [Translated in Bahasa Indonesia by Monik Bey , Al-Hikmah ( Bandung ) 1( 3 ):72-83 , 1991 .

What Does the Qur'an Mean to Me? Eternal Miracle . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 5 ):51 , 1986 .

My University Days . Adab--What Adab? Inquiry ( London ) 3( 4 ):52-53 , 1986 .

Biotechnology: As Ye Clone So Shall Ye Reap? Inquiry ( London ) 3( 3 ):39-43 , 1986 .

Fallah Fetches Fortunes . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 3 ):54-56 , 1986 .

Khilafat--End of Empire . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 2 ):45-49 , 1986 .

Can Terrorism Ever Be Justified? Dire Contradictions . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 2 ):50-51 , 1986 .

Information and Cultural Survival . Inquiry ( London ) 3( 1 ):46-49 , 1986 . [Reprinted in: Pakistan Library Bulletin ( Karachi ) 17( 1 ):10-18 , 1986; Al-Nahdah ( Kuala Lumpur ) 8( 1 ):4-8 , 1988] .

Making the Future Work . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 12 ):7 , 1985 .

Decolonizing the Future . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 12 ):47-50 , 1985 .

My Vision of the Future: A Tied Camel . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 12 ):53 , 1985 .

Laying the Foundation of Islamic Science . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 11 ):36-43 , 1985 .

The Contemporary Relevance of Jihad: Responsible Strength . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 10 ):52-53 , 1985 .

Can Utopian Thinking Help us Today? A Biophysical Integer . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 9 ):54-55 , 1985 .

Femme Fatale or Pathology of Method? Inquiry ( London ) 2( 8 ):33-36 , 1985 .

Biotechnology: Cloning Better Futures? Inquiry ( London ) 2( 5 ):48-51 , 1985 .

What Future for Urdu Poetry: Love and Death . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 3 ):54-55 , 1985 .

The Staying Power of AIDS . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 1 ):19-20 , 1985 .

Muslim Historians of Our Time: A Historian from Palestine . Inquiry ( London ) 2( 1 ):50-51 , 1985 .

Brave New DNA: Is Man Playing God? Inquiry ( London ) 1( 6 ):45-48 , 1984 .

Needles in the Haystack . Inquiry ( London ) 1( 6 ):54-55 , 1984 .

Islamic Science: An Antidote to Reductionism . Inquiry ( London ) 1( 2 ):49 , 1984 . [Reprinted in: Al-Nahdah ( Kuala Lumpur ) 7( 1 ):29 , 1987] .

US: Pulpits , Politics and Primaries . Inquiry ( London ) April , 18-19 , 1984 .

`Eid in America . Asian Post ( London ) 2( 22 ):28-29 , 1984 .

Utilization of Computer Technology in Islamic Studies . Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies ( Brattleboro , VT ) 4( 1-2 ):73-76 , 1983 . [Reprinted in: Al-`Ilm ( Durban ) 6( January ):138-142 , 1986] .

Computers for Quranic Studies . Impact International ( London ) 13( 11 ):14 , 1983 .

Brave New DNA: Playing God? Islamic Science and Culture ( Calcutta ) 2( 3-4 ):8-11 , 1982 .

Arabic Orthography . Search: Journal of Arab and Islamic Studies ( Brattleboro , VT ) 2( 2 ):502-508 , 1981 .

Islam and the West: An Inconvenient Marriage? Monitor Weekly ( London ) 1( 6 ):13+12 , 1981 .

Significance of Scientific , Technical , and Social Information for the Muslim World . Al-Ittihad ( Indianapolis , IN ) 17( 1 ):46-52 , 1980 . [Reprinted in: Journal Rabitat al- `Alam al-Islami ( Makkah al-Mukarramah ) 7( 8 ):25-29 , 1980; Al-Nahdah ( Kuala Lumpur ) 1( 2 ):23-25 + 38 , 1981] .

Al-Qur'an: Umm al-Kitab . Islamic Culture ( Hyderabad , India ) 54( 4 ):199-210 , 1980 .

Educational Thought in Islam . Hamdard Islamicus ( Karachi ) 3( 2 ):47-77 , 1980 .

Development of Arabic Prose . Voice of Islam ( Karachi ) 27( 7-8 ):4- 21 , 1979 .

On the Education of Muslim Woman . Young Muslim Digest ( Aligarh ) 3( 9 ):6-8 , 1979 .

Development of Higher Education and Scientific Research in the Arab World . International Education ( Knoxville , TN ) 8( 1 ):38-45 , 1978 . [Reprinted in: Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies ( Villanova , PA ) 2( 3 ):93-100 , 1979] .

Science and the Islamic World . Impact of Science on Society ( Paris ) 27( 4 ):443-444 , 1977 .

Cosmological Heresy . American Biology Teacher 39( 9 ):552 , 1977 .

Sense or Nonsense: Bio-psychological Communication . Science Chronicle ( Karachi ) 10( 4 ):236-238 , 1972 .

Save the Earth: World Environment Day . BioView ( Lahore ) 1( 1 ):13-14 , 1972 .

Information for Progress . Science Chronicle ( Karachi ) 9( 3 ):179-180 , 1971 .

I Wonder Why? Universal Human Equality . Kansas Oklahoma Newsletter 2( 9 ):89 , 1971 .

Post Office and Human Progress . Union Postale ( Geneva ) 96( 6 ):100-101 , 1971 . UNESCO International Written Letter Week , First Prize .

We the Individuals: Essay on Biological Individuality . Views and Ideas on Mankind , Bulletin of the Council for the Study of Mankind ( San Francisco , CA ) 27:7-8 , 1970 .

Why the Space Race? Kansas Oklahoma Newsletter 2( 4 ):10-12 , 1970 .

Cell Reveals God . Islamic Education ( Lahore ) 1( 4 ):17-25 , 1968 .

Experimental Research

Hepatic pathology in a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus ( Bloch ) exposed to sublethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides . Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 19( 5 ):524-527 , 1978 .

Hematological abnormalities in a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus ( Bloch ) exposed to sublethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides . International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Science 4( 1 ):53-60 , 1978 .

Intestinal pathology in a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus ( Bloch ) exposed to sublethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides . Acta Physiologica Latinoamericana 26( 1 ):63-67 , 1976 .

Acute toxicity of four organophosphorus insecticides to a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus ( Bloch ) . Pakistan Journal of Zoology 7( 2 ):135-141 , 1975 .

Susceptibility of a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus ( Bloch ) to acute , sublethal and chronic levels of organophosphorus insecticides . Masters Abstracts 13( 2 ):103 , 1975 .

Changes in starch-gel electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins of a fresh water teleost Channa punctatus ( Bloch ) exposed to sub- lethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides . Ceylon Journal of Science/Biological Sciences 11( 1 ):53-58 , 1974 .

Conference Papers/Invited Lectures

Science: Searching for the Soul? Einstein Meets Magritte: An Interdisciplinary Reflection on Science , Nature , Human Action , and Society . Brussels , Belgium , May 29-June 3 , 1995 . Organised by Vrije Universiteit Brussel .

Human Cloning . International Conference on Science in Islamic Polity in the Twenty-First Century . Islamabad , Pakistan , March 26-30 , 1995 . Organised by the Organisation of Islamic Conference ( OIC ) Standing Committee on Scientific and Technological Cooperation ( COMSTECH ) .

Islam and the Challenge of Bioethics . Keynote Address . National Conference on Genetic Engineering . Jakarta and Bundung , Indonesia , June 25-26 , 1994 . Organised by the Republika Group of Newspapers , Jakarta , and the Mutahhari Foundation , Bandung .

A Challenge of the West: The Muslim Perspective of Population Policy . International Workshop on Population Policy--Practice , Criticism , and the View of Religions . Bonn , Germany , June 17-18 , 1994 . Organised by epd-Entwicklungspolitik , Protestant News Agency , Frankfurt .

Over-Religious South vs . A-Religious North: The Great Divide? Religion and Politics Today: Intellectuals of the World Conference , New Delhi , India , January 30-February 2 , 1994 . Organised by UNESCO Courier ( Paris ) and World Media Network ( Paris ) with the assistance of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation , Institute for Contemporary Studies , New Delhi .

Bioethics: An Islamic Perspective . Regional Workshop on Environmental Education and Bioethics , Genting Highlands , Malaysia , January 4-9 , 1994 . Organised by Information and Resource Centre , Singapore , and Institute for Policy Research , Malaysia , with the support of UNESCO ( Paris ) .

The Silent Killer: AIDS and the Muslim World . Eighth International Bioethics Symposium "Global Concerns in AIDS: Bioethical Issues" , Tokyo , Japan , December 14-15 , 1993 . Organised by International Bioethics Research Centre , Kyoto Women's University , Kyoto , Japan

Biological Sciences: Moral Mediators in the Making? International Seminar on Ethical Implications of Modern Researches in Genetics . Organised by ISESCO , Rabat , Morocco; World Islamic Call Society , Tripoli , Libya; and the University of Qatar . Doha , Qatar: February 13-15 , 1993 .

Islamic Medical Ethics: The Challenge of Biotechnology . The International Congress on the History of Medicine in Islam . Tehran , Iran: October 3-6 , 1992 .

Biology , Information , and the New World Order . World of Islamic Civilization Expo , International Conference on Islamic Civilization: "Islamic Civilization-- Directions for the Future . " Kuala Lumpur: Prime Minister's Department and Ministry of Culture and Tourism . June 25 , 1990 .

Communication: Emerging Paradigms and the Islamic Worldview . October 5-7 , 1989 . Shah Alam , Malaysia: School of Mass Communication , MARA Institute of Technology , National Conference on Communication from the Islamic Perspective .

Biology , Information , and the New World Order . Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse , August 22-23 , 1989 . Genting Highlands , Malaysia: Institute Aminuddin Baqi .

Approaches to Islamic Science: Key Issues . August 14 , 1989 . Genting Highland , Malaysia: International Islamic Leadership Training Course , World Council of Mosques .

Politics of Electronic Journalism . February 28 , 1989 . Shah Alam , Malaysia: School of Mass Communication , MARA Institute of Technology .

Islamic Science: The Challenge of Cognitive Metamorphosis . February 14 , 1989 . Jakarta , Indonesia: Regional Islamic Science Conference for Asia-Pacific on Current Perspectives in Islamic Science , 46pp .

Genetics and the Unity of Biology . Report to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization [UNIDO] , Vienna , Austria , on the 16th International Congress of Genetics , August 20-27 , 1988 , Toronto , Canada , 52pp .

Agricultural Biotechnology and the Developing World . Proceedings of the Second General Conference of the Third World Academy of Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China , 1988 .

Classification of Islamic Knowledge . June 25 , 1988 . Kuala Lumpur: National Library of Malaysia . [see , "BookCase" by Theresa Manavalan , Malay Mail , pp . 6-7 , June 30 , 1988] .

Knowledge and Values . June 19 , 1988 . Jitra , Kedah: Universiti Utara Malaysia .

New Information Technology: The Role of Information in Library Development . June 17 , 1988 . Petaling Jaya , Malaysia: School of Library and Information Science , MARA Institute of Technology .

Islam and Biological Futures . Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse , June 6-18 , 1988 . Genting Highlands , Shah Alam and Petaling Jaya , Malaysia: Institute Aminuddin Baqi , MARA Institute of Technology ( ITM ) and National Institute of Public Administration ( INTAN ) .

Information and the Emerging Epistemology . Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse , June 6-18 , 1988 . Genting Highlands , Shah Alam and Petaling Jaya: Institute Aminuddin Baqi , MARA Institute of Technology and National Institute of Public Administration .

Biology and Social Values . Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse , July 22-24 , 1987 . Genting Highlands: Ministry of Education .

Islamic Values and Western Science . Series of Invited Lectures at the Ministry of Education Special Intellectual Discourse , July 26-28 , 1987 . Kuala Lumpur: National Institute of Public Administration .

Information and the Muslim World: Present Directions and Future Imperatives . International Conference on the Future of the Ummah , July 19-21 , 1987 . Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Education and , Makkah al- Mukarramah: Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islami .

Historical Light on the Present Situation of Christian-Muslim Relations . Series of Invited Lectures at the conference Faith and Justice in a Pluralistic Society: Studies for Muslims and Christians , June 24-30 , 1987 . Divine Word International , Techny , Illinois: The Duncan Black Macdonald Center for the Study of Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations of HartfordSeminary , Office on Christian-Muslim Relations of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U . S . A .

New Biology and the Social Quandary . International Conference on Crisis in Modern Science , November 1986 . [see , Modern Science in Crisis: A Third World Response , edited by S . M . Mohammad Idris , Penang , Malaysia: Third World Network , 1988] .

Automated Information for Islamic Studies: A Future Imperative? Proceedings of the Second Congress of Muslim Librarians and Information Scientists , October 20-22 , 1986 . Session 6 , Paper 2/4 . Jitra , Kedah: Universiti Utara Malaysia , 23pp .

Information Technology and Global Control System for Islamic Literature: Studies on `Ulum al-Qur'an and `Ulum al-Hadith . First International Conference on the History of the Interpretation of the Qur'an , February 5-9 , 1985 . Calgary , Alberta , Canada: University of Calgary .

Science and Values in Islam and the West . Stockholm , Sweden , 1981 .

Urdu Works

Several essays on miscellaneous topics--carbon dating , inheritance of sex , philosophy and religion , the immune system , and lunar research--appeared in leading journals of Pakistan during the period 1966-1970 .

Electronic Media

Health Report . Islamic Medicine . Produced by Australian Broadcasting Corporation , Sydney . June 1991 .

Antenna . Islamic Science . Produced by BBC Television 2 , London . December 1989 .

Faces of Islam . Programme Four , Jihad . Produced by TV3 , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia , 1988 .

Science Education . Brain Science and Education . Produced by WTTV ,

Indianapolis , Indiana , 1981 .

Biographical Listings

1 . Who's Who in the World , 13th ed . , Marquis , 1996 ( Forthcoming )

2 . Writers' Directory , St . James Press , Detroit , Michigan , 1992 .

3 . International Authors and Writers Who's Who , 12th Edition , 1990 .

4 . Contemporary Authors , Volume 123 , April , 1988 .